Jesse Hill Letters, PC.1888

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Jesse Hill Letters, PC.1888

Abstract

Jesse Hill (1827-1882) was born to Sarah Hege (d. ca. 1888) and William "Buck" Hill (circa 1808-1874) of Davidson County. A farmer, Hill married Fanny Scott, 1850, and they had one son, Junius (1851-1924). Soon a widower, Hill remarried twice. Over two years after the Civil War commenced, Hill enlisted in Wake County on 1 January 1864. A private, he was assigned to Company K, 21st Regiment of Infantry. Captured late in the war, Private Hill was released on 27 June 1865 after taking the Oath of Allegiance. These thirty-two letters are a Civil War soldier's communications to his family in Davidson County. They were written by Hill, primarily to his wife, Emoline, during the years 1864 and 1865, with the first dated 25 January 1864, and the last dated 17 March 1865.

Descriptive Summary

Title
Jesse Hill Letters
Call Number
PC.1888
Creator
Hill, Jesse
Date
1864-1865
Extent
1.00 boxes
Language
English
Repository
State Archives of North Carolina

Series Quick Links

  1. Collection Contents

Restrictions on Access & Use

Access Restrictions

Available for research

Use Restrictions

Copyright is retained by the authors of these materials, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law (Title 17 US Code). Individual researchers are responsible for using these materials in conformance with copyright law as well as any donor restrictions accompanying the materials.

Preferred Citation

[Identification of item] in PC.1888, Jesse Hill Letters, State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh, N.C., U.S.A.

Collection Overview

These are a portion of a Civil War soldier's thirty-two surviving letters; and together they provide meaningful insight into the hardships faced by an average Confederate soldier. They were written by Private Jesse Hill during the years 1864 and 1865 to his wife, Emoline Hill, and their family. The letters are significant for several reasons. First, he is candid about his motivation to enlist as a matter of personal duty, and not because of patriotism and a desire for military glory. Secondly, he is also frank about his and others' discontent with the war. Thirdly, Private Hill is also open about desertion and refers to it without ill-will toward fellow soldier's taking that path out of the army. A pragmatic soldier, Hill is determined to survive a war that he apparently thought was being fought to no good purpose, and committed, above all, to return home to his family. Looking ahead to the time when Confederate money would probably be worthless, he is not above removing valuables from fallen enemy soldiers. Such items included watches, pocket knives, and U.S. currency. Hill's accounts of battles lack the attribution of glory many soldiers placed upon their units. Instead, he reports in a straight-forward and more balanced manner the reality that sometimes the enemy took the worst heat and ran like turkeys, while sometimes Hill and his comrades were put to flight by the Federal forces. The letters give a glimpse of hardships on the homefront, even for children. For example, Hill's letters reference his son, Junious (Dock), who was only about fourteen years old, and tasked with plowing and farming in the absence of his father. The letters may also provide valuable information about other soldiers in the 21st infantry.

Arrangement Note

Letters are in chronological order.

Biographical/Historical note

Jesse Hill (1827-1882) was born to Sarah Hege (d. ca. 1888) and William "Buck" Hill (circa 1808-1874) of Davidson County. A farmer, Hill married Fanny Scott, in Davidson County, August 1850. They had one son, Junius Hill (1851-1924). A widower by the following year, Hill married Catharine Spach or Spaugh, July 1852 ( Forsyth County bond dated 3 July) and they had together a child, recorded in some family records as Sarah Jane Hill Shoaf Hudson (1855-1937). Family lore indicates that Catharine developed severe mental illness. Rather than divorce her, unusual in that era, Hill continued to provide for Catharine's necessities, but married another woman, Emoline Chitty Rominger (1828-1893), referred to in the letters as his "dear companion." The couple's graves are at Good Hope United Methodist Church Cemetery, Reedy Creek, Davidson County. Hill enlisted as a soldier in Wake County on 1 January 1864. A private, he was assigned to Company K, 21st Regiment of Infantry. He was recorded as present or accounted for until 13 June of that year when reported as absent without leave. He returned to duty on 1 October and was recorded as present or accounted for until suffering an ankle gunshot wound and hospitalized at Richmond, Virginia, 27 March 1865. Having returned to duty, he was subsequently captured at or near Sayler's Creek, Virginia, then taken east to Newport News. On 27 June 1865, he was released after taking the Oath of Allegiance.

Contents of the Collection

Collection Contents
Letters,
16831

The letters until 30 April 1864 were written from camps in North Carolina, including those near Weldon, Kinston, and during a march from Washington. Thereafter the letters were written from camps in Virginia, between Petersburg and Richmond, near Richmond, Waynesborough, Stanton, New Market, and unspecified.

Empty envelopes,Between 1864-1865
PC.1888 15
Transcriptions
PC.1888 16

Edited by Chris Ripple, September 1992, Computer printout, photocopied and privately bound. The volume contains nine transcriptions of letters not donated in 1999 and consequently not included in PC.1888.

Subject Headings

  • Hill family
  • Hill, Jesse
  • Emoline Hill
  • Davidson County (N.C.)
  • United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Veterans
  • Acquisitions Information

    Gift of H .L. Hill, Lexington, N.C., 1999

    Processing Information

  • Processed by George Stevenson; Fran Tracy-Walls. Edited for publicataion in DOC, April 2020 by Fran Tracy-Walls.